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Cranial Nerve I

Robert W. Evers¹, David M. Yousem¹

¹The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland

Publication Name:

Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Unit Number:

Unit A7.1

DOI:

10.1002/0471142719.mia0701s00

Online Posting Date:

May, 2001

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Abstract

This unit presents the basic protocol for imaging cranial nerve I. The olfactory bulbs and tracts mediate the sense of smell from the nasal cavity to the brain. Unfortunately they are located in a precarious position for MR imaging, above the air-filled nasal cavity and ethmoid sinuses at a bone-air-soft tissue interface. This creates problems with susceptibility artifact. This issue, plus the very small size of the structures to be studied and the superimposed eye motion artifact makes imaging of the olfactory system a technical challenge.

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Unit Introduction
Basic Protocol: Imaging of Cranial Nerve I
Commentary
Literature Cited
Tables

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Literature Cited

Literature Cited
	Doty, R.L., Yousem, D.M., Pham, L.T., Kreshak, A.A., Geckle, R., and Lee, W.W. 1997. Olfactory dysfunction in patients with head trauma. Arch. Neurol. 54:1131-1140.
	Doty, R.L., Li, C., Mannon, L.J., and Yousem, D.M. 1998. Olfactory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Relation to plaque load in inferior frontal and temporal lobes. Ann., N.Y. Acad. Sci. 855:781-786.
	Doty, R.L., Li, C., Mannon, L.J., and Yousem, D.M. 1999. Olfactory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Relation to longitudinal changes in plaque numbers in central olfactory structures. Neurology 53:880-882.
	Li, C., Yousem, D.M., Hayden, R.E., and Doty, R.L. 1993. Olfactory neuroblastoma: MR evaluation. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 14:1167-1172.
	Li, C., Yousem, D.M., Doty, R.L., and Kennedy, D.W. 1994. Neuroimaging in patients with olfactory dysfunction. Am. J. Roentgenol. 162:411-418.
	Shellock, F.G. 1996. Pocket Guide to MR Procedures and Metallic Objects. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia.
	Yousem, D.M. 1993. Imaging of sinonasal inflammatory disease: State of the art. Radiology 188:303-314.
	Yousem, D.M., Geckle, R.J., Bilker, W., McKeown, D., and Doty, R.L. 1996a. MR evaluation of patients with congenital hyposmia or anosmia. Am. J.Roentgenol. 166:439-444.
	Yousem, D.M., Geckle, R.J., Bilker, W.B., McKeown, D.A., and Doty, R.L. 1996b. Post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction: MR and clinical evaluation. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 17:1171-1179.
	Yousem, D.M., Geckle, R.J., Doty, R.L., and Bilker, W.B. 1997a. Reproducibility and reliability of volumetric measures of olfactory eloquent structures. Acad. Radiol. 4:264-269.
	Yousem, D.M., Geckle, R.J., Bilker, W.B., Kroger, H., and Doty, R.L. 1999b. Post-traumatic smell loss: Relationship of psychophysical tests and volumes of the olfactory bulbs and tracts and the temporal lobes. Acad. Radiol. 6:264-272.
	Yousem, D.M., Maldjian, J.A., Hummel, T., Alsop, D.C., Geckle, R.J., Kraut, M.A., and Doty, R.L. 1999c. The effect of age on odor-stimulated functional magnetic resonance imaging. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 20:600-608.