User Ratings

Easy to Follow Achieved Expected Results Overall Rating Add your comments

Spinal Primary Neoplasia/Metastasis

J. Randy Jinkins¹, David D. Stark¹

¹Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York

Publication Name:

Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Unit Number:

Unit A8.5

DOI:

10.1002/0471142719.mia0805s02

Online Posting Date:

November, 2001

GO TO THE FULL TEXT:

PDF or HTML at Wiley Online Library

Are you the author of this protocol? Login or register and return to this page.

Abstract

This unit presents a basic protocol for conventional and fast spin echo imaging of spine for visualization of the spinal compartment to assess the extent and degree of spinal cord or cauda equina compression frequently associated with primary and metastatic neoplasia. An alternate protocol is presented for the cases e.g., neurofibromatosis with multiple bilateral neoplasms extending through the neural foramina, where a coronal acquisition may be helpful to analyze the perispinal tissues for tumor extension either inward to, or outward from, the central spinal canal.

GO TO THE FULL PROTOCOL:

PDF or HTML at Wiley Online Library

Unit Introduction
Basic Protocol: Conventional and Fast Spin Echo
Alternate Protocol: Coronal, Contrast Enhances Acquisition
Commentary
Literature Cited
Figures
Tables

GO TO THE FULL PROTOCOL:

PDF or HTML at Wiley Online Library

Materials

Basic Protocol: Conventional and Fast Spin Echo

Materials

Normal saline (0.9% NaCl), sterile
Extravascular contrast agent (e.g., Magnevist, Omniscan, or Prohance)

Looking for materials? Suppliers Guide

GO TO THE FULL PROTOCOL:

PDF or HTML at Wiley Online Library

Figures

Figure A8.5.1

Spinal lymphoma with epidural extension. (A) Sagittal T₁-weighted (T_R = 500 msec, T_E = 10 msec) image shows hypointensity within the marrow of multiple thoracic vertebral bodies. Note that the spinal cord is displaced posteriorly (arrows). (B) Intravenous gadolinium enhanced T₁-weighted (T_R = 500 msec, T_E = 10 msec) image shows poor enhancement of the abnormal thoracic bodies and a multilevel enhancing epidural lymphomatous mass (arrowheads).

View Image

Literature Cited

Literature Cited
	Algra, P.R., Bloem, J.L., Tissing, H., Falke, T.H., Arndt, J.W., and Verboom, L.J. 1991. Detection of vertebral metastases: Comparison between MR imaging and bone scintigraphy. Radiographics 11:219-232.
	Avrahami, E., Tadmor, R., Dally, O., and Hadar, H. 1989. Early MR demonstration of spinal metastases in patients with normal radiographs and CT and radionuclide bone scans. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 13(4):598-602.
	Beltran, J., Noto, A.M., Chakeres, D.W., and Christoforidis, A.J. 1987. Tumors of the osseous spine: Staging with MR imaging versus CT. Radiology 162:565-569.
	Carmody, R.F., Yang, P.J., Seeley, G.W., Seeger, J.F., Unger, E.C., and Johnson, J.E. 1989. Spinal cord compression due to metastatic disease: Diagnosis with MR imaging versus myelography. Radiology 173:225-229.
	Coletti, P.M., Dang, H.T., Deseran, M.W., Kerr, R.M., Boswell, W.D., and Ralls, P.W. 1991. Spinal MR imaging in suspected metastases: Correlation with skeletal scintigraphy. Magn. Res. Imag. 9:335-349.
	Colman, L.K., Porter, B.A., Redmond, J., III., Olson, D.O., Stimac, G.K., Dunning, D.M., and Friedl, K.E. 1988. Early diagnosis of spinal metastases by CT and MR studies. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 12:423-426.
	Daffner, R.H., Lupetin, A.R., Dash, N., Deeb, Z.L., Sefczek, R.J., and Schapiro, R.L. 1986. MRI in the detection of malignant infiltration of bone marrow. Am. J. Roentgenol. 146:353-358.
	Jinkins, J.R. and Leite da Costa, C. 1998. Differential diagnosis of primary or secondary paraspinal abnormalities originating in the spine, perispinous tissues, or remote sources. In Neurodiagnostic Imaging Pattern Analysis and Differential Diagnosis (J. R. Jinkins and C. Da Costa Leite, ed.) pp. 773-779. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia.
	Mehta, R.C., Marks, M.P., Hinks, R.S., Glover, G.H., and Enzmann, D.R. 1995. MR evaluation of vertebral metastases:T₁-weighted, short-inversion-time inversion recovery, fast spin - echo, and inversion - recovery fast spin-echo sequences. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 16:281-288.
	Ragland, R.L., Knorr, J.R., Kamath, S.V., Landis, E.S., Tenreiro-Picon, O.R., and Weyreuther, M. 1996. Magnetic resonance patterns of epidural impression from spinal metastases: review of 200 cases. Int. J. Neuroradiol. 1:69-72.
	Shellock, F.G. 1996. Pocket Guide to MR Procedures and Metallic Objects. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia.
	Sugimura, K., Kajitani, A., Okizuka, H., Sugihara, M., Mizutani, M., and Ishida, T. 1991. Assessing response to therapy of spinal metastases with gadolinium - enhanced MR imaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imag. 1:481-484.
	Sze, G., Krol, G., Zimmerman, R.D., and Deck, M.D. 1988. Malignant extradural spinal tumors: MR imaging with Gd-DTPA. Radiology 167:217-223.